Do trees take more water than grass?
For optimum performance, cool-season grasses require about 40-50% more water than trees, shrubs, or groundcovers, but they will provide minimum coverage with just 10-20% more water than these woody plants require.
Trees can absorb between 10 and 150 gallons of water daily, yet of all the water absorbed by plants, less than 5% remains in the plant for growth. They rely on available water in the soil to “rehydrate” during the nighttime hours, replacing the water loss during the daytime hours.
Lawns— One half-inch of water once a week is sufficient for lawn survival and modest growth. Groundcover, perennials and shrubs— Plants like jasmine, ivy, salvias, lantana, roses, yaupons and hollies do well with twice a month watering in the absence of rain.
A healthy 100-foot-tall tree has about 200,000 leaves. A tree this size can take 11,000 gallons of water from the soil and release it into the air again, as oxygen and water vapor, in a single growing season.
Turfgrass uses much more water than trees so while trees use a little bit of water, they save much more.”
“In a stable climate, trees store more carbon than grasslands,” says co-author Benjamin Houlton, director of the John Muir Institute of the Environment at UC Davis.
Trees are increasingly recognized for their importance in managing runoff. Their leaf canopies help reduce erosion caused by falling rain. They also provide surface area where rain water lands and evaporates. Roots take up water and help create conditions in the soil that promote infiltration.
A : Depending on your variety of turfgrass, shade is certainly a factor, but another major factor is competition from the tree roots for water.
- Red maple (zones 3-9)
- Weeping willow (zones 6-8)
- Ash (zones 3-9)
- Oriental arborvitae (zones 6-11)
- Black gum (zones 4-9)
- White cedar (zones 4-8)
- River birch (zones 3-9)
- Bald cypress (zones 5-9)
But across California's entire Sierra Nevada, the research suggests that forest thinning could increase freshwater runoff by 10 percent.
Do trees reduce water runoff?
Trees and forests reduce stormwater runoff by capturing and storing rainfall in the canopy and releasing water into the atmosphere through evapotranspiration. In addition, tree roots and leaf litter create soil conditions that promote the infiltration of rainwater into the soil.
You can lower the water table with trees. You can also hold more water in the soil with trees. Is your water table consistently high or are you dealing with soil that drains slowly after a rain?
Plant trees in your yard, and retain trees on slopes and near waterways to contribute to improved water quality. Apply a 3-4” layer of mulch under the drip line of trees and throughout landscape beds to retain soil moisture and reduce watering needs.